Top ten worst practices cooling towers the poor design and installation of pipe work associated with cooling towers continues to be a concern across the industry. Both types function as heat exchangers based on the counter flow principle. With the best technicians, quality parts, and the highest standards customer satisfaction we will help you find and solve all of your cooling tower problems. Houston, texas fans key to optimum coolingtower design nomograph gives the reciprocal of the density ratio. The technology evaluation assesses side stream filtration for cooling towers. A timed sample mode may be selected, and on small towers can reduce. The fan deck supports the motor and fan of the water spray system. Hvac02, air conditioning troubleshooting and repair introduction since im constantly receiving questions on 944 air conditioning systems, i figured its time to come up with come helpful troubleshooting tips. Cooling towers with open and closed water circuits are available. Heat exchangers structure a system that combines a cooling tower with a plate heat exchanger, and youll save money from day one. In many ways the cooling tower may be compared to a microbiological waste treatment. If the user has no operational manual of his own, all maintenance and repair work could be recorded on page 21 of this guide. Chiller vs cooling tower we often get the question as to when to use a chiller andor cooling tower for process cooling. The purpose is to define a preventive maintenance program and plan for cooling towers at the suny polytechnic quad c building utica new york.
Evaluate the source water quality in order to understand. The equalizer connection location is limited to the deep side of the basin of the cooling tower cells. A facility should see at least three to three to six cycles of concentration which is three to six times the concentration of solids in the circulation water than the original makeup water. Hot water from heat exchangers is sent to the cooling tower.
In a typical air conditioning system, the water leaves the condenser shell of the chiller and enters the cooling tower at 95 f. It is basically a heat rejection device or heat exchanger in which water and air are brought into contact with the. The makeup water source is used to replenish water lost to evaporation. In this type of cooling tower the water to be cooled is distributed evenly over a packing. The controllers are microprocessor driven industrial type with onoff control outputs. If youre searching cooling tower troubleshooting chances are youve got a problem with your industrial or hvac cooling tower and need to solve it quickly. However if the system is constructed of fiberglass, this water quality parameter is less of a problem. Part of every business is having a clean and comfortable place for customers and clients to do business in. When coupled with the inherent risks with rotating equipment, unique safety considerations are mandated.
However, equalizer connections can be placed in various locations on the bottom or the side of a unit, and can be a multitude of different connection types. Effective thermal design of cooling towers a stepbystep approach to cooling tower design, with an example calculation to make it clear jonny goyal air liquide engineering and construction, lurgi india various misconceptions arise when it comes to the thermal design of cooling towers. Cooling towers have some inherent dangers such as high voltage power, fall. Lets look at a typical case of fan selection for a new tower design. Evapco can install wind walls in its induced draft cooling towers to help alleviate the problems associated with. The surface was cleaned and prepared using media blasting. Typical closed loop cooling tower system is shown in figure 7. The indeeco cooling tower basin heater and control system consists of electric immersion heaters, a heater control panel, and a combination temperatureliquid level sensor. Cooling tower control problem by james mcdonald, pe, cwt originally published. Cooling tower pumping and piping xylem applied water systems. A guide to troublefree cooling towers a basic understanding of cooling tower operation and maintenance will help keep a cooling water system running in top condition, year after year by david m. See maintenance manual for startup instructions and lubrication recommendations. This system sends cooling water out of the equipment and into a pond or cooling tower, which is open to the atmosphere.
Here evaporation occurs, removing heat along with the evaporated water. A hydrocarbon process leak in a cooling tower acts as a food source for the naturally existing microbiological life forms algae, fungi, and bacteria present in the cooling tower, pipes, and exchangers. Marley series 2200, 2250 and 2400 geareducer user manual. If your requirements are for 90 deg f 32 c then you most likely need a cooling tower or fluid. In addition, being both a water cooling and an air moving device, a cooling tower can promote the formation of ice by its very operation. Cooling tower reconstruction best practices thermal science values and pitfalls after many years of operation, cooling towers may require more than small repair work and individual component replacement to return the thermal performance necessary to support plant. Suptic air conditioning and refrigeration systems ranging from light commercial to industrial applications may rely on cooling towers to remove waste. Good business starts with a good budget that includes keeping the overhead down. Cooling water problems and solutions water is used in cooling systems as a heat transfer medium and frequently also as the final point to reject heat into the atmosphere by evaporating inside cooling towers. Large amounts of air must be moved through a cascade of water to provide adequate evaporation and the desired cooling. The bottom and sides of the sump were primed using linex fcp primer. Working on the 944 ac system is no different than working on any other automotive ac system. Development of any of these problems greatly reduces the cooling efficiency and in severe cases can collapse portions of the tower fill or tower structure.
Hard copies may be mailed to the wested procurement department at 4665 lampson ave. This guide should help you troubleshoot your cooling tower s problem and help you understand what is needed to bring it back online or improve its performance. Calculate the air density, specific volume, and enthalpy in us at the ambient conditions of dbt. Dcn59 page confidential 2 of 12 1 purpose and scope the purpose is to define a preventive maintenance program and plan for cooling towers at the suny polytechnic quad c building utica new york. In a crossflow cooling tower, the hot water basin is used to distribute the warm return water flow uniformly over the tower fill see figure 6. Even a marginal improvement in the efficiency of evaporative cooling equipment, heat exchangers and chillers can offer owners significant savings over the lifespan of the cooling systems. It is then combined with makeup water, which replaces the evaporated water, and is sent through the system again. Ambient air is blown into the cooling tower in the opposite direc. Youll also get a system that maintains effective fluid isolation and cools hvac or process liquids more efficiently. Despite best practice guidelines available, it remains common to find examples of poorly designed and executed. Cooling tower selection, sizing and troubleshooting, kolmetz handbook of process equipment design. Cooling towers can cycle water numerous times before the water becomes saturated and must be discharged out of the system. The water exits the cooling tower and is sent back to the exchangers or to other units for further cooling. The evaluation provides a characterization of side stream filtration technology, describes typical applications, and details specific types of filtration technology.
It is basically a heat rejection device or heat exchanger in which water and air are brought into contact with the purpose of lowering the temperature of the water. Best management practice and guidance manual for cooling towers. Troubleshooting guide diagnosing cooling service part related problems now we are ready to go into more detail. Induced draft cooling tower and air cooled heat exchanger. The cooling tower then transfers this heat load to the atmosphere.
In the wl 320 open wet cooling tower, water is sprayed into the tower from above and distributed as widely as possible using baffles. Types of ice as on any outside structure, ice can form on a cooling tower in the wintertime purely by natural effect. Common cooling tower troubleshooting issues ntt training. Blow down is a term for water that is removed from the. The easy answer is what temperature waterglycol do you need. Depending on the quality of available fresh water supply, waterside problems develop in cooling water systems from. They look for problems, and notify ge field teams when they see one before it results in a failure. The prime mover of air is the cooling tower axial fan assembly, which is mounted on the upper deck of a cooling tower. Cooling towers have been used in industry since the early 19th century. Cooling towers act as a special type of heat exchanger that cools down water heated up by industrial equipment and processes.
For nearly a century, we have provided exceptional quality equipment and service to the hvac, process cooling, industrial, and. When experiencing any operational issues, use the following troubleshooting methods to resolve the problem. After priming, linex xs350 was applied to complete the application. Cstn september 2002 a client had a large, threecell cooling tower system that was having problems maintaining conductivity. Tower vortexing may still occur when tower pan water level.
Its an extension of the ge field team, complementing. The water exits the cooling tower and is sent back to the exchangers or to other. In cooling towers, cycle of concentration is a ratio that measures how concentrated solids are in the cooling tower process water compared to the makeup water by measuring conductivity in the blowdown. Solution of the back drainage problem does not necessarily solve all pump suction line air problems. Cooling towers must be cleaned on a regular basis to prevent the growth. The electrtcal rating has to agree with the plate on the cooling tower. The water consumption rate of a cooling tower system is only about 5% of that of a oncethrough system, making it the least expensive system to. Always start by determining the correct part application. The wct series cooling tower controllers are supplied with a temperature compensated carbon electrode with a cell constant of 1. Pdf cooling tower with solved problems yuri g melliza. Considered will be a 26 ft, 28ft, or 30 ftdiameter fan.
The linex team masked off all areas not intended for coating including the fans and fan motors. Best management practice and guidance manual for cooling. Technical information for cooling towers using recycled water. Cooling tower troubleshooting universal tower parts. In the cooling tower, heat is rejected from the working fluid water into the atmosphere air by means of evaporation wet and convection dry cooling. In a counterflow cooling tower, water sprays are used to distribute the warm water see figure 8. Wct400410 series cooling tower conductivity controller. Common cooling tower water treatment problems and how to. Cooling water problems and solutions ced engineering. Hvac checklist long form page 4 of 14 needs attention not component ok applicable comments 198 indoor air quality forms face and bypass dampers damper operation correct.